The Salmonella/Micro Some Micro Suspension Assay and Genetic Polymorphism Analysis in a Case-Report of Air Pollution in Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

The use of strains of Salmonella enteric serovar Typhimurium with different metabolic capacities can indicate the class or classes of compounds present in an environmental sample and enable the diagnosis of the mutagenic activity of these pollutants adsorbed on particulate matter (PM) in the air. The sensitivity of Salmonella strains TA98NR, TA98/1, 8-DNP6, YG1021, and YG1024 to detect nitro compounds adsorbed on samples of PM 2.5 was compared from three sites in Rio de Janeiro city. Samples were collected using a high-volume sampler at three sites: one with light traffic and two with heavy traffic. The assays were performed in the presence of 10-50 μg/plate organic extracts with and without exogenous metabolization. The YG1021 and YG1024 strains showed the highest rev/m3 values, confirming their enhanced sensitivity. As YG1024 also demonstrated sensitivity to nitro and amino compounds, we suggest its use in research into environmental air contamination. Individual susceptibility to chemically induced cancer may be partly explained by genetic differences in the activation and detoxification of procarcinogens. Numerous polymorphisms of metabolism genes have been identified and their role in individual susceptibility to cancer has been observed. We evaluated genetic polymorphisms and risk of lung cancer in Rebouças tunnel workers (Rio de Janeiro – Brazil). Deletions of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes were detected in 100% of samples from control group. In exposure group, single deletions of GSTM1 or GSTT1 genes were detected in 72.74% (n=1) to 86.37% (n=13), respectively. Deletions of both genes were detected in 100% (n = 15). The same individual showed CYP1A1*2B polymorphism and deletions of GSTM1 and GSTT1 gens. These results demonstrate that this individual exposed to occupational pollution at Rebouças tunnel, may have intensified metabolizing pollutants such as PAH, and have difficulties in detoxification of metabolites of these pollutants, increasing the risk of lung